Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Timothy Burch
Greenville, NC Lawyer with 29 years of experience
Free ConsultationWorkers' Comp
Arizona State University
Tim is a Trial Lawyer that you can trust when you or a family member has been injured. He has dedicated his career to representing individuals and families facing the uncertainty of how to navigate the process of filing and successfully pursuing a claim against the at-fault party and their insurance company when an injury occurs. Tim is grateful to be able to work with the professional staff and attorneys who make up the Law Offices of Jason E. Taylor, P.C. as they demonstrate daily their commitment to excellence in law. The firm has locations in multiple...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
David A Coolidge Jr.
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 18 years of experience
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime
Duke University School of Law
David Coolidge is a skilled and experienced criminal defense attorney at Coolidge Law Firm, based in Raleigh, North Carolina. Coolidge is dedicated to defending the rights of clients throughout the area who have been charged with crimes, including DWI, drug charges, sex crimes, domestic violence and a variety of felony and misdemeanor charges. Coolidge graduated in the top 5 percent of his class from the Duke University School of Law, which is one of the top law schools in the country. There he received top-notch training both inside the classroom and in the field as a student. ...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Mysty Blalock Blagg
Wilmington, NC Lawyer with 4 years of experience
Administrative and Business
Campbell Law School
Mysty Blagg is a second-career Health Law Attorney that brings 20 years of previous health care industry experience into her practice of law. She has lived the full health care life cycle. In her previous career, Mysty was a health dental hygienist, Medicaid Appeals Specialist, and a Health Care Compliance Investigator.
Mysty is uniquely positioned to understand the business of health care, the power of health care innovation, and the pressures the intense regulatory environment.
She advises health care clients on issues stemming from regulatory matters, licensing disputes, health care fraud and abuse, digital health matters,...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Wade Smith
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 62 years of experience
(919) 821-4711
150 Fayetteville Street, Suite 1800
P.O. Box 1151
Raleigh, NC 27602
Appeals
University of North Carolina School of Law
Wade Smith has been one of North Carolina’s best known and most acclaimed lawyers for nearly 50 years. His trials are recounted in books, magazines and journals. A renowned story teller, Wade insists that within each case there is a compelling story waiting to be told. In seminars and bar meetings Wade has shared the art of story telling. His cases offer a fine collection of North Carolina Courtroom lore. In 1979, Wade served as counsel to Dr. Jeffrey McDonald in the much studied and discussed Green Beret Murder case. Most recently he was lead counsel for Collin Finnerty, one...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jaye Meyer
Raleigh, NC Lawyer with 35 years of experience
Appeals and Arbitration & Mediation
North Carolina Central University School of Law
Jaye Meyer is listed in the Best Lawyers in America® and North Carolina Super Lawyers®. Ms Meyer received the Super Lawyers award for Top 50 Women Lawyers in North Carolina from 2010-2014, and Top 100 Lawyers in 2011. She has been recognized by Business North Carolina magazine as one of the “Legal Elite” in North Carolina. Ms. Meyer is a Board Certified Specialist in Family Law, a Fellow in the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, and is certified as a Family Financial Mediator.
Ms. Meyer was admitted to the North Carolina Bar in 1990. She received her B.A. cum laude from...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Douglas Kingsbery
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 45 years of experience
Upon graduation from law school in 1980, Doug Kingsbery joined the firm of Tharrington, Smith & Hargrove in Raleigh, North Carolina, where he worked as an associate in the areas of education law and criminal defense. He was made Partner in 1985, and has developed an extensive litigation and trial practice which includes trial and appellate work in civil, criminal and administrative law. Over the past 28 years, he has tried dozens of civil and criminal jury trials in numerous state and federal courts across North Carolina and he has received an AV rating from his peers as reported in...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial MediaResponsive Law
Karina Garcia Herhusky
Apex, NC Attorney
Immigration
North Carolina Central University School of Law
Karina Herhusky is a dedicated professional who strives to provide the best legal representation for her clients. She believes that empathizing with clients is the key to successful representation. Karina understands the importance of keeping clients informed throughout every step of the process.
An immigrant herself, Karina understands a client’s perspective, including the challenges they face to legalize their status and other issues that may have an impact on their legal status. As a wife and mother, Karina empathizes with families who may be facing the threat of separation due to their immigration status. She fiercely advocates on behalf of...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Garen McClure
Fayetteville, NC Attorney with 17 years of experience
Free ConsultationCity University of New York Law School
Garen McClure is our Hillsborough-based attorney and litigator, with experience in traffic, business law, and estate planning. Garen utilizes his experience as a former New York City legal services attorney in assisting his clients to achieve their goals with respect to their litigation matters.* Garen has very broad litigation skills & the ability to work closely with his clients to ensure their involvement, providing very personal & responsive service. As a publicly educated attorney, Garen never strayed too far from his rural upbringing, and now uses his legal skill for the greater good.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Tyler Benson
Fayetteville, NC Lawyer with 15 years of experience
Free ConsultationUniversity of Miami School of Law
Tyler S. Benson is an attorney based out of Raleigh, NC. Tyler focuses his practice on criminal, DWI, and traffic matters, and has represented clients throughout the State of North Carolina on thousands of cases. He knows the ins-and-outs of traffic laws and DMV regulations, and has handled criminal matters ranging from felonies to misdemeanors. He is also an experienced entertainment attorney, and handles contract and venue negotiations for a number of musical acts. Prior to working with iTicket, Tyler worked for a large criminal & traffic firm in Chapel Hill, and his practice has taken him all over central...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
G. Ryan Willis
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 20 years of experience
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime
University of North Carolina School of Law
Ryan is a Raleigh-based criminal defense attorney with over 20 years of experience representing clients in North Carolina’s state and federal courts. He focuses on high-level felony cases, including drug trafficking, white collar crimes, violent offenses, and sex crimes. He has tried more than 35 cases to verdict and is known for securing acquittals in complex, high-stakes trials.
Ryan has successfully defended clients accused of first-degree murder, armed robbery, felony assault, and second-degree rape. He also works behind the scenes to protect clients during investigations, often preventing charges from being filed or convincing prosecutors to dismiss weak cases.
In federal matters, Ryan...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
David Hyland
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 29 years of experience
Workers' Comp
Campbell Law School
Chris Hyland is an experienced personal injury lawyer and managing partner at Hyland, Padilla, & Fowler, PLLC. He is committed to protecting the rights of injury victims in Raleigh and Durham. Chris attended the College of Wooster for his undergraduate degree and earned his Juris Doctor from Campbell University School of Law. Active in the legal community, he is a current member and former Durham County Bar Association president. He is also a part of the North Carolina Advocates for Justice, the Fourteenth Judicial District, the North Carolina Bar Association, and more. For his dedication and success, he was awarded...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Ana S. Nunez
Raleigh, NC Lawyer with 10 years of experience
Free ConsultationNorth Carolina Central University School of Law
Ana S. Nuñez practices in both our Criminal Defense and our Immigration practice areas. She was recruited from the Public Defender’s office in Wake County. Being an immigrant herself, she understands the importance of having an advocate in your corner when you need it the most. Fluent in Spanish, Ana serves on the Governor’s advisory council on Hispanic/Latino affairs, she has been named a Top 40 Under 40 Attorney by the National Trial Lawyers, and she was recognized with the Citizen Lawyer Award by the NC Bar Association for exemplary public service to her community. She is a graduate of...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Evan Horwitz
Raleigh, NC Lawyer with 24 years of experience
Appeals
Campbell Law School
Evan Horwitz was born in Raleigh, North Carolina. He received his undergraduate degree from Indiana University in 1997 and graduated from the Norman A. Wiggins School of Law at Campbell University in 2001. While in law school, Mr. Horwitz was the managing editor of the Campbell Law Review. After graduating, Mr. Horwitz served as a law clerk to Justice Robert F. Orr at the North Carolina Supreme Court.
Prior to joining Tharrington Smith in 2008, Mr. Horwitz spent almost six years as an associate at Manning, Fulton & Skinner, P.A., where he was a member of the firm’s litigation section practicing...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Robert Morton
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 28 years of experience
Business and Real Estate
North Carolina Central University
Raleigh corporate lawyer Bob Morton is a true business and civil litigation generalist. He has successfully tried multiple civil jury trials. He regularly assists his business clients with planning, litigation avoidance, employment matters and virtually all other legal matters that his business clients face.
Bob believes that providing personal service and going the extra mile for clients isn’t just a good way to do business — it’s the only way to do business.
He has been featured as a consumer advocate on ABC’s “Good Morning America,” has served Three Terms as Chairman of the local Better Business Bureau (BBB), been recognized as...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jason Edward Spain
Chapel Hill, NC Attorney with 11 years of experience
Business and Workers' Comp
DePaul College of Law
Mr. Spain was admitted to the State Bar in 2013 and practiced as an estates and business law attorney prior to joining BHSPA in 2018. Jason focuses on Estate Planning and Probate law, helping clients plan for their family’s future and to assist clients in administering the estate of a loved one. He also is proficient in helping small business owners set up business succession plans that will allow their companies to be passed on to the next generation and help provide financial security for their families in the event of retirement, death, or disability.
...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Shannon L. Altamura
Asheboro, NC Lawyer with 14 years of experience
Free ConsultationProducts Liability and Workers' Comp
George Mason University School of Law
Shannon Altamura is a highly reputable and skilled personal injury attorney with a primary office located in Asheboro, North Carolina. Ms. Altamura's personal injury practice assists injured clients in the following areas: car and trucking accidents, nursing home abuse or neglect, wrongful death, pedestrian injury, slip and fall injuries, premises liability, product defect, and worker's compensation. Ms. Altamura regularly battles insurance companies and other large corporations to obtain fair and favorable results for her clients, and she prioritizes providing exceptionally kind and attentive care to every one of her clients. Shannon Altamura has obtained numerous high value settlements in recent...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial MediaResponsive Law
J. Michael Malone
Raleigh, NC Lawyer with 25 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy, Environmental and Insurance Claims
University of North Carolina School of Law
J. Michael Malone is a Raleigh, North Carolina lawyer that represents people injured as a result of someone's negligence or intentional acts. Mike represents injury victims across the State of North Carolina and has handled complex injury cases in most of the counties in North Carolina.
Mr. Malone focuses on complex personal injury cases including tractor-trailer wrecks motorcycle accidents, bicycle wrecks, car wrecks, burn injuries, insurance disputes, nursing home and assisted living abuse and mistreatment, pedestrian accidents, and virtually any other type of serious injury claim.
Mr. Malone also handles class action cases including insurance disputes and evacuation and...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Thomas E Fulghum
Durham, NC Lawyer with 26 years of experience
Immigration
Duke University School of Law
I am a Board Certified Specialist in Immigration Law. I am fluent in Spanish. I assist families, businesses, and individuals in finding solutions to their immigration problems.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Matthew Burkert
Durham, NC Attorney
Free ConsultationBusiness and Workers' Comp
North Carolina Central University
Matthew Burkert was raised in Durham, North Carolina, and still resides in the same area he grew up in. He is a graduate of East Carolina University, where he received a bachelor’s degree majoring in Criminal Justice in 2008. Matt then attended North Carolina Central University School of Law, earning his Juris Doctor degree in 2012. He passed the North Carolina Bar Exam in February, 2013, becoming a licensed attorney in the State. Matt joined the Constantinou Law Group, PA as a law clerk while in law school in 2010. He remained at the firm after passing the bar, becoming...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Jacob A Goad
Durham, NC Lawyer with 8 years of experience
Mr. Jacob Goad is a workers’ compensation and personal injury attorney with Law Office of Jacob Goad, PLLC. Mr. Goad graduated from the University of North Carolina (UNC) Chapel Hill where he majored in Spanish and minored in Social and Economic Justice. At UNC, Mr. Goad earned membership in Sigma Delta Pi, a Hispanic Collegiate Honor Society.
After earning his undergraduate degree, Mr. Goad lived and worked in Peru, where he got involved with environmental advocacy and also coordinated international delegations. He accompanied CNN producers and Dr. Sanjay Gupta to the town of La Oroya where Mr. Goad introduced Dr. Gupta...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Shelia Huggins
Durham, NC Lawyer with 22 years of experience
Business, Communications, Entertainment & Sports and IP
University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill
Shelia Huggins is a North Carolina licensed attorney with almost 20 years of experience in working with businesses in a variety of capacities. Her extensive experience includes business formation, contracts, government relations, entertainment law, and social media.
She also has a YouTube channel with free information about contracts, legal issues, and scams and frauds. Her YouTube channel has over 500 videos available to the public. You can view it at https://www/youtube.com/mslegalista.
Shelia is a former adjunct professor at North Carolina Central University where she taught Entertainment and Business Law, and she has spoken at numerous events including the Long Leaf Pine Film...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Gena Walling McCray
Louisburg, NC Attorney with 21 years of experience
Arbitration & Mediation
University of South Carolina School of Law
Ms. McCray loves the practice of law and enjoys helping people. She was born in Orangeburg, South Carolina and attended South Carolina College (the University of South Carolina's honors college) receiving undergraduate degrees in English and Psychology. Ms. McCray graduated from the University of South Carolina School of Law in Columbia, South Carolina. During law school, she clerked for Judge C. Tolbert Goolsby at S.C. Court of Appeals and interned one summer in Raleigh for the North Carolina Family Policy Council where she gained intimate knowledge of the legislative process in North Carolina. During her third year, she clerked...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
David Cole Phelps
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 11 years of experience
Free ConsultationNorth Carolina Central University
D. Cole Phelps manages our office in the northeastern part of the state. Attorney Phelps is a native of Washington County, and he returned to his home community to serve and give back. After winning his first primary election with over 62% of the votes, he later became the youngest county commissioner at the time of his election to serve in any of North Carolina’s 100 counties. During his first term of office, he was selected by his fellow board members as vice chairman and then chairman. Currently, he is serving his second term of office as a member of...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Rishona Peace
Durham, NC Lawyer with 16 years of experience
Free ConsultationNorth Carolina Central University
Attorney Peace is a managing partner at the Law Office of Peace & Squires, PLLC practicing in the areas of Business, Contracts, and Personal Injury Law. Attorney Peace has worked extensively negotiating North American and International contracts, and has used her notable negotiations skills to effectuate first-rate results for her clients.
Attorney Peace earned her Juris Doctor degree from North Carolina Central University in 2008, her Master of Business Administration, Cum Laude, from North Carolina Central University in 2004, and her Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance, Magna Cum Laude, from North Carolina Central University in 2002. While attending North Carolina...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jared W. Pierce
Durham, NC Lawyer with 15 years of experience
Free ConsultationInsurance Claims
North Carolina Central University School of Law
Attorney J. Wallace Pierce was born in the Republic of South Africa. In the course of his tenure as a scholar, he spent much of his time studying, exploring and grasping the complexity that surrounds South Africa's race relations. In early 2001, Attorney Wallace Pierce relocated to Durham, North Carolina with his family. Attorney J. Wallace Pierce acquired his Bachelors in History, Concentration in African American History, from North Carolina Central University in 2006. Attorney Pierce finished this four yearlong program in only three years. His determination and enthusiasm to furthering his involvement in the local community grew as...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Patrick Benton Weede
Raleigh, NC Attorney with 17 years of experience
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime
University of North Carolina School of Law
Weede Law, PLLC is a criminal defense law practice that handles all types of state and federal criminal cases. We serve the Triangle area as well as surrounding communities.
Attorney Patrick B. Weede, a former state and federal prosecutor and an experienced trial attorney, is uniquely qualified to handle your case. He knows how to identify the key issues and how to think like a prosecutor.
As a prosecutor, Mr. Weede handled almost every type of case, including traffic, DWI, drugs, fraud, property crimes, firearm offenses, common law/armed robbery, and murder. In addition, he...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
John Price
Durham, NC Attorney with 52 years of experience
Antitrust, IP and Securities
University of Kansas School of Law
John A. Price has over four decades of legal experience, including first chair trial experience on a variety of complex business and commercial litigation matters with special emphasis on the areas of antitrust and unfair/deceptive trade practices, business torts, securities fraud, intellectual property, minority shareholder, regulatory, products liability, environmental, and a wide spectrum of business disputes. He is ranked AV Preeminent with 5 out of 5 for legal ability and ethics by Martindale-Hubbell in a peer-reviewed rating. He is certified in civil litigation by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization, licensed to practice law in Kansas, Texas and...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Rebecca Adlam Olla
Raleigh, NC Lawyer with 20 years of experience
Appeals and Workers' Comp
The University of Texas School of Law
Attorney Rebecca A. Olla was raised in Austin, Texas. She obtained her undergraduate degree from Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania and her Law Degree from the University of Texas School of Law in Austin.
Before joining The Bishop Law Firm, Rebecca worked for the Texas State Office of the Attorney General and the U.S. District Court of Southern New York.
After working for the government (by the people), Rebecca refocused her practice to represent clients in federal appeals in U.S. District Court (for the people).
Through her prior legal experience, Rebecca has learned that lawyers are needed to ensure positive outcomes for their...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&AResponsive Law
Kate Bowles Miller
Charlotte, NC Lawyer with 18 years of experience
Arbitration & Mediation
University of South Carolina School of Law
I am a Board Certified Specialist in Family Law, and a Certified Family Financial Divorce Mediator. My practice is intentionally focused on helping each of my Clients work through their separation, divorce, or child custody issues without having to step foot in a Courtroom. I have seen first hand the damage that is done to parents and children going through family law litigation. It is my goal to help each Client navigate their family law issues to move forward with their new, improved life.
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Heather Manry Ziemba
Charlotte, NC Lawyer with 28 years of experience
Immigration
Vanderbilt University Law School
Heather Ziemba is a N.C. Board-certified specialist in immigration law. Ms. Ziemba represents individuals, families, and employers in all aspects of immigration law. She has extensive experience in family-based immigration, U visas and visas for victims of domestic violence and other crimes, deportation defense including cancellation of removal, adjustment of status, and asylum, waivers of inadmissibility, consular processing, and the immigration consequences of criminal convictions. She has traveled extensively throughout Central America and Mexico and is fluent in Spanish.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Todd Stewart
Charlotte, NC Lawyer with 35 years of experience
Business and International
Wake Forest University School of Law
Founded Stewart Law, P.A. in 1995
Drawing on my skills as an Attorney and CPA, I have a passion for working with business owners who are looking to grow and improve their companies. Personal estate planning is a natural extension to ensure that the company’s growth benefits the entrepreneur and his family. I have been personally involved with Strategic Coach in Chicago and other entrepreneurial coaching and am a Board Certified Specialist in Estate Planning and Probate Law. I am admitted to practice law in Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina and maintain active licenses in both of the Carolinas.
In addition...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Richard L. Anderson
Charlotte, NC Lawyer with 32 years of experience
Free ConsultationWorkers' Comp
Wake Forest University School of Law
Richard "Rick" Anderson is a native Charlottean. He received his Bachelor of Arts Degree from The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1990 and his Juris Doctorate law degree from The Wake Forest University School of Law in 1993.
Rick began his law career as an associate with Price & Smith Attorneys at Law, in Charlotte in 1993. After six years, in 1999, the firm named Rick as a partner. In 2017, Rick founded Price Petho & Anderson Attorneys at Law, where he practiced until 2020.
Rick focuses his practice on workers' compensation, medical negligence, and catastrophic personal...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
John D. Boutwell
Charlotte, NC Attorney with 32 years of experience
Appeals, Business and Real Estate
University of North Carolina School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Kendall Gouldthorpe
Charlotte, NC Attorney with 1 year of experience
Appeals and Business
Michigan State University College of Law
My path to the legal profession began on the manufacturing shop floor. Before attending law school, I spent nearly a decade in the building materials manufacturing sector, where I managed teams and enhanced operations at various plants throughout the southeast. I discovered a passion for building relationships and collaborating with others to address both significant and minor challenges. Motivated by this, I chose to transition these skills into a legal career, aiming to help others navigate their most daunting challenges.
During my time in law school, I developed a keen interest in legal writing. I received multiple accolades for my prowess...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
W. David Thurman
Charlotte, NC Attorney with 42 years of experience
Business
University of North Carolina School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Riczy A. Davila Navarro
Greensboro, NC Lawyer with 1 year of experience
Immigration
George Mason University School of Law, Universidad Fermin Toro and Universidad Yacambu
Riczy is the latest addition to the Immigration Law Practice Group at A.G. Linett & Associates, PA, in Greensboro, North Carolina. Despite recently obtaining her license, Riczy brings over 13 years of valuable experience in the legal profession. As an Immigration Attorney, Riczy is committed to helping individuals achieve their immigration goals with integrity, professionalism, and compassion. Beyond her professional endeavors, she cherishes spending quality time with her husband and diving into a good book.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Karen Schuller Boardman
Charlotte, NC Lawyer with 18 years of experience
Business, IP and Trademarks
North Carolina Central University
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
David C. Herring
Charlotte, NC Attorney with 12 years of experience
Arbitration & Mediation
University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill
I grew up in the small town of Ahoskie, North Carolina, in the eastern part of the state. After I finished high school, I studied architecture at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville. I developed an interest in aesthetics, form, proportion, and design. All these things are instrumental in my law practice, which, I believe, are to my clients’ advantage. After finishing college, I moved to Charleston, South Carolina, where I spent several years doing freelance architectural renderings and enjoying the beauty of the Lowcountry. After living in Charleston, I shifted gears to attend law school....
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Manvel Mikhaylovich Vasilyev
Charlotte, NC Attorney with 18 years of experience
Immigration
Duke University School Of Law
A graduate of Duke Law School, Manvel Vasilyev is admitted to practice as an attorney in New York. Prior to establishing IntelinkLaw, Manvel was a partner with an international law firm. He also practiced with several of the most prominent regional and national law firms in the United States. Manvel is an active member of the American Immigration Lawyers Association (“AILA”) and the New York Bar Association. Through the years, Manvel gained vast experience in the areas of business and investor immigration law. He focuses on providing solutions to the complex immigration issues that enable employers to reach...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Ms. Kelly Frecker
Charlotte, NC Attorney with 7 years of experience
Business and Real Estate
University of Miami School of Law
I represent clients in the states of Florida, North Carolina & South Carolina in various types of legal matters, including but not limited to business law and real estate law. My career has followed a dual trajectory in litigation and corporate practice. I’ve acted as general counsel to several small businesses with regard to business development and contract work while also representing individuals and entities in complex business litigation matters relating to contract disputes, lender and financial liability matters, and real estate transactions. at both the state and federal level. My previous experience as a judicial clerk gave me insight...