Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Steven W. Tigges
New Albany, OH Lawyer with 44 years of experience
Antitrust, Business, Employment and Securities
The Ohio State University Michael E. Moritz College of Law and The Ohio State University
Steve Tigges is a Partner of Zeiger, Tigges & Little LLP. Mr. Tigges is a seasoned trial attorney who has practiced extensively in the areas of employment, health care, commercial contract, securities, construction, antitrust, and trademark litigation.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Alberto Nestico
Toledo, OH Lawyer with 20 years of experience
Free ConsultationInsurance Defense
Touro College Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center
Attorney Nestico has long had an interest in personal injury law. At the age of 15, he was injured in a car crash when another driver failed to stop an intersection resulting in a head-on collision with another vehicle, killing the other driver. Due to the incident, Nestico spent three months in the hospital recovering from injuries to both arms, one requiring a steel rod to be surgically attached. During this time, Nestico says he and his family were vulnerable to the practices of insurance companies and were taken advantage of during one of the most difficult times in their...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Robert DeRose II
Columbus, OH Lawyer with 33 years of experience
Free ConsultationUniversity of Dayton School of Law
Bob DeRose is the Managing Partner and practices in the Complex Litigation Division of Barkan Meizlish DeRose Wentz McInerney Peifer, LLP and handles wage & hour/overtime issues, consumer protection issues, election/political issues and union side labor matters. Mr. DeRose is a native of Western Pennsylvania and a 1988 graduate of Washington and Jefferson College with a degree in Economics. He is a 1991 graduate of the University of Dayton School of Law, where he was active in workers’ rights issues. Mr. DeRose is the former president of the Workers Injury Law and Advocacy Group (WILG), a national...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Jeffrey Lewis
Columbus, OH Lawyer with 43 years of experience
Administrative, Business, Insurance Claims and Real Estate
Ohio State University - Columbus
Recipient of the coveted "AV" 5.0 PREEMINENT highest possible rating from Martindale-Hubbell for more than the last 20 years and named by CEO Magazine for the last 15 years as one of Ohio's "Top Lawyers", Mr. Lewis is well known in the Central Ohio business, legal and political communities, and has developed a substantial trial practice in local, state and federal courts in areas as wide-ranging as business, environmental, employment, civil rights, criminal, real estate, creditors' rights, matrimonial/divorce and extraordinary remedies litigation to land use planning/zoning law. Mr. Lewis is a Dean's List graduate of Miami (Ohio) University (1978)...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
James S. Sweeney
Powell, OH Lawyer with 14 years of experience
Free ConsultationAppeals
Capital University Law School
James S. Sweeney is the founder and managing member of James Sweeney Law, LLC. A native of Central Ohio, James was born in Columbus and grew up in Marysville.
Prior to starting his own practice, James worked at the Franklin County Prosecuting Attorney’s Office. While in law school, he also worked at the Reynoldsburg City Attorney’s Office, where he served as a Prosecutor at the Reynoldsburg Mayor’s Court, and also worked at the Ohio Attorney General’s Office. He formerly served as the Village Solicitor of Alexandria, Ohio.
Prior to attending law school, James lived for several years in...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Adam E. Carr
Hudson, OH Lawyer with 31 years of experience
Insurance Defense
Cleveland State University
Adam E. Carr provides insurance defense and coverage counsel throughout Ohio to leading companies for auto, home, commercial general, retail, transportation, and other exposures in the trial courts and on appeal.
Board-Certified in Civil Trial Law by the NBTA National Board of Trial Advocacy (2004-2024)
AV Preeminent (Martindale-Hubbell highest peer rating)
Ohio Super Lawyers (2010-2012, and since 2016)
The Best Lawyers in America (since 2014)
A.M. Best's Directory of Recommended Insurance Attorneys (since 2009)
American Jurisprudence Award in Appellate Practice, Lawyers Cooperative Publishing (1993)
Adam E. Carr has served as lead trial attorney during over two hundred days of trial.
Adam E....
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Joseph Kacyon
Akron, OH Attorney with 15 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy
University of Akron School of Law
Attorney Joe Kacyon is licensed to practice law in Ohio and Pennsylvania and is a member of the Akron Bar Association, the Ohio Bar Association and the Pennsylvania Bar Association.
Attorney Kacyon represents clients in a variety of legal matters. The attorneys at his firm, Hoover Kacyon LLC can represent clients in most of their cases. Hoover Kacyon has divorce attorneys, criminal attorneys, probate and estate attorneys, adoption attorneys, bankruptcy attorneys and more.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Bradley William Miller
Columbus, OH Lawyer with 18 years of experience
Free ConsultationBusiness
Capital University Law School
I believe that every business should have a trusted legal partner to help ensure its success. I want to be that partner for you and your business. I practice exclusively in the area of business law, focusing on small business M&A and franchisees. I feel this is an underserved group of business owners: too small for the large corporate firms, yet too specialized for the general practitioner. As a small business owner myself, I understand your unique needs and challenges as well as the importance of creativity; as a lawyer that only practices business law, I can provide you...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Dean Edward Hines
Columbus, OH Attorney with 31 years of experience
Free ConsultationBusiness and Tax
University of Cincinnati College of Law
Our firm provides representation in regards to: Family Law, Domestic Relations/juvenile matters, Federal and State taxation, and numerous civil related business matters. Our practice areas and philosophy are fully detailed in my website www.deanhines.com. We have offices in Dayton and Columbus, Ohio. Our firm serves all counties in Southwest and Central Ohio. We pride ourselves in providing aggressive and conscientious representation taking into account the needs and goals of our clients. I have a BV rating from Martindale Hubbell which is an attorney rating service in which you are graded by your peers. We are committed...
Claimed Profile
Kelly A Rochotte
Employment and Real Estate
University of Toledo College of Law
Kelly Rochotte is an employment and housing practitioner in Cleveland, Ohio. She focuses on assisting clients in navigating the judicial system with strength, diligence, and compassion.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Edwin Eugene Schottenstein
Columbus, OH Attorney with 60 years of experience
Free ConsultationWorkers' Comp
University of Louisville
Ed Schottenstein is a highly skilled and experienced personal injury lawyer in Columbus. For over three decades, he has helped clients throughout Ohio recover compensation for their injuries. If you or someone you love has been injured as a result of someone else’s negligence or misconduct, their legal team can help you too. Ed is has an AV® Preeminent™ Rating from Martindale-Hubbell®, is a member of the Bar Register of Preeminent Lawyers, and is a former judge. As a result, he has a comprehensive understanding of this complex practice areas as well as its related paperwork and procedures. He accepts...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Nicholas George Gounaris
Dayton, OH Attorney with 30 years of experience
Free ConsultationInsurance Claims
University of Dayton School of Law
Gounaris Abboud, LPA is a full service litigation firm located in Dayton, Ohio. We handle DUI defense, criminal defense, Family law issues (such as divorce, dissolution, and custody), federal criminal law defense and personal injury. The partners of Gounaris Abboud, LPA are like family and understand the importance of treating our clients like extended family. Our clients are our number one priority. At Gounaris Abboud, LPA we pride ourselves in providing our clients with aggressive, dependable legal representation. When we work with our clients, we go out of our way to present them with the individual, one-on-one attention they deserve.
Claimed Lawyer Profile
J.R. Bernans
Lebanon, OH Lawyer with 5 years of experience
Free ConsultationUniversity of Cincinnati College of Law
J.R. Bernans is an Ohio native who graduated summa cum laude from the University of Cincinnati’s Carl H. Lindner College of Business. After earning his accounting degree, J.R. went on to attend the University of Cincinnati College of Law where he graduated magna cum laude and in the top ten percent of his class. While in law school, J.R. was a member of the UC Law Trial Team and served as a Citation Editor on the University of Cincinnati Law Review.
Before joining the Rittgers team, J.R. gained extensive experience in both state and federal court. As a fellow with...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Mr. Monte Kenneth Snyder
Middletown, OH Attorney with 40 years of experience
Appeals
University of Dayton
As a solo practitioner, you deal only with me, no paralegals or assistants. This allows me to provide a personal touch to your legal representation other law firms only promise but are unable to deliver. The attorney/client relationship is a team effort. Your active participation in your case is essential for effective representation. Suggestions, questions & ideas are welcome & encouraged at Monte K. Snyder, Attorney. Your legal issue is important to you & should be of equal importance to your attorney. Legal advice/counseling will allow you to make intelligent decisions regarding your case development at every stage of your...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Jason P. Matthews
Dayton, OH Lawyer with 24 years of experience
Employment
University of Dayton School of Law
Jason has successfully represented individuals in cases against multi-national corporations represented by some of this nation’s largest law firms. Jason is admitted to practice law in the State of Ohio, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio, and the United States District Court for the Southern Districts of Ohio. He has litigated employment cases in the Ohio Court of Claims, the Common Pleas Courts of Montgomery, Greene, Clark, Warren, Butler, Trumbull, and Miami counties, and in the United States District Courts for the Northern and Southern Districts of Ohio. He has also represented...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael R. Neiman
Columbus, OH Attorney with 5 years of experience
Free ConsultationBusiness, Real Estate and Tax
Capital University Law School
Mike’s legal practice is focused on representing investors and developers in a wide range of real estate matters, including acquisitions, developments, sales and leasing, litigation, and opportunity zone consulting. Mike has experience representing clients on residential and commercial transactions, with a focus on representing clients in the acquisition of multi-family apartment properties. Mike has also advised clients on more than $500M of opportunity zone related projects.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Thomas W. Lally
Canton, OH Lawyer with 52 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy, Business, Products Liability and Real Estate
University of Akron School of Law
Thomas W. Lally, an experienced trial attorney, has represented individual and business clients for many years in Canton, Stark County, Ohio and the surrounding cities of Massillon and Alliance; and counties of Summit, Wayne, Tuscarawas and Carroll, Ohio.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Stephan Isaiah Voudris
Chagrin Falls, OH Lawyer with 33 years of experience
Free ConsultationEmployment
University of Texas - Austin
Steve Voudris is an Ohio State Bar Association Certified Specialist in Labor & Employment Law who focuses his practice on representing employees who have been wrongfully terminated, suffered discrimination in the workplace, or have not been paid their overtime wages, tips or any wages for any unpaid time (such as for training or for working through lunch). He is a graduate of the University of Texas at Austin Law School and Miami University. He spent the first six years of his legal career at the Cleveland office of Jones Day, one of the largest law firms in the world, and...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ABlawg SearchSocial Media
Ed Malek
Columbus, OH Lawyer with 53 years of experience
Free ConsultationWorkers' Comp
Capital University Law School
In 1971, Mr. Malek entered into private practice and opened his own law firm in Columbus, Ohio. The Law Firm of Malek & Malek emphasizes representation of those people tragically injured in workers' compensation accidents, automobile collisions, dog bite and other serious injury events. For nearly 40 years, he has provided expert legal services to the community, representing many fine people and citizens of greater Columbus and surrounding counties.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Zachuary Meranda
Columbus, OH Attorney with 17 years of experience
Free ConsultationThomas M. Cooley Law School, J.D. - Cum Laude
Zachuary Meranda is a dedicated criminal defense lawyer practicing in the Columbus, Ohio area. Attorney Meranda graduated cum laude from Thomas M. Cooley Law School and was admitted to the Ohio State Bar in 2008, as well as the U.S. District Court, Southern District of Ohio in 2009. Today, he pursues his passion of defending individuals who have been wrongfully accused of all types of crimes. Attorney Meranda began his career as a public defender with the Washtenaw County Public Defender’s Office. He came to realize that he was the last line of defense for many, which cultivated his...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Joseph Edwards
Columbus, OH Attorney with 40 years of experience
White Collar Crime
University of Dayton School of Law
Columbus, Ohio Criminal Defense attorney Joe Edwards works vigilantly to defend and produce the best legal outcome for his clients. Prior to starting his criminal defense law practice, Attorney Edwards has experience as Assistant Attorney General in the federal litigation section, as well as experience as an Assistant Prosecutor for the Franklin County Prosecutor’s office where he prosecuted a variety of crimes in Franklin County, Ohio. He has experience on both sides of of the courtroom, providing Joe a unique insight in his ability to handle your case.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Ryan John Ruehle
West Chester, OH Lawyer with 26 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy
Capital University Law School
As a proud American, Ryan Really served his country in Iraq. Now, as a veteran, Really continues to serve his country by helping people find the economic and personal freedom that they deserve. With an in-depth knowledge of legal experience from both a creditor’s and a debtor’s perspective, Mr. Really is prepared to fight to protect his clients' rights in financial matters.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Tyler Hoffer
Lebanon, OH Lawyer
Free ConsultationReal Estate
University of Dayton School of Law
ESTATE PLANNING/PROBATE
Creating a will or trust is crucial for most individuals, and Hoffer Law is here to help. Our firm routinely drafts wills, trusts, powers of attorney, and transfer on death deeds. If a loved one or spouse passes away without a will or trust, Hoffer Law can provide guidance on determining inheritance and navigating the Probate Court process.
CORPORATE AND SMALL BUSINESS
Hoffer Law, LLC is passionate about representing both individuals and businesses in legal disputes and litigation. With a history of securing significant judgment awards and presenting successful defenses, our firm is dedicated to vigorously protecting your rights in areas...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Troy W. Howdyshell
Athens, OH Lawyer with 12 years of experience
Free ConsultationBusiness and Real Estate
Capital University Law School
Greetings! I'm Troy, a seasoned attorney with a strong commitment to delivering exceptional legal guidance and support. Currently, I serve as a practicing attorney at Northwest Law and hold the position of Regional Counsel for Northwest Title Family of Companies.
Professional Background:
I wear two hats in the legal realm. As a practicing attorney with Northwest Law and Regional Counsel for Northwest Title Family of Companies, I've honed my skills in real estate law while primarily serving the South Central Ohio Region. Before joining Northwest in 2017, I successfully managed my own general practice for three years. Today, my practice focuses on...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Alex Deardorff
West Chester, OH Lawyer
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime
University of Cincinnati College of Law
Attorney Alex Deardorff practices law only in the area of criminal defense. She started her career at the Hamilton County Public Defender's Office starting in the Municipal Division and promoted to the Felony Division. In 2019 she joined The Law Offices of Steven R. Adams and in 2020 she became owner with her Partner Tad Brittingham.
Mrs. Deardorff is an experienced trial attorney and has litigated numerous cases, with successful outcomes. Her practice areas include, OVI/DUI, domestic violence, drug crimes, juvenile, felonies, misdemeanors, computer sex crimes, sexual assault, violent crimes, theft, and white-collar crimes. Mrs. Deardorff is qualified for death...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Greg D. Porter
Fairfield, OH Lawyer with 11 years of experience
Free ConsultationImmigration
Capital University Law School
Greg Porter was born and raised in Cincinnati, Ohio. He graduated from Bishop Fenwick High School in Middletown and then successfully completed Ohio's Firefighter Training Program. Afterwards, he found a call to serve his country and joined the United States Marine Corps Reserves. Fresh out of basic and combat training, Greg began his studies at the University of Cincinnati. In his second year of college, his studies were put on hold when he was called to serve a tour of duty in Iraq. Upon returning from active duty, he finished his Bachelor's degree. He then obtained his Juris Doctor from...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Barry Zimmer
Cincinnati, OH Attorney with 46 years of experience
Business
University of Cincinnati College of Law
I founded THE ZIMMER LAW FIRM in June 1993, to practice in the areas of Estate Planning, Estate Administration, and Business Succession Planning. My goal was and continues to be helping clients understand and de-mystify the often confusing world of Estate Planning in an ever-changing society, and to implement effective Estate Planning with minimal effort and time investment. The firm works from the belief that planning should always be driven by purpose. As a result, there are no “canned” or pre-set planning solutions. Instead, I help clients identify their goals first and then build estate and business plans based on...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Thomas Charles James Jr
Cincinnati, OH Lawyer with 32 years of experience
Arbitration & Mediation, Business and Insurance Claims
Emory University School of Law
I'm an attorney in a small firm in northeast suburban Cincinnati, assisting clients with civil litigation and arbitration, commercial transactions and disputes, insurance coverage, crop insurance, regulatory issues, contracts, estates, and other matters. In addition to almost 30 years of experience as a lawyer, I have sophisticated technical skills and a practical understanding of everyday business concerns.
Please feel free to reach out to me today about any legal needs that you or your business happen to have, either through LinkedIn, or by email (TomJames@SandersLPA.com), phone (513-229-8080), or a Twitter direct message (DM @tom_james). I look forward to meeting...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
H. Leon Hewitt
Cincinnati, OH Attorney with 24 years of experience
Bankruptcy
University of Dayton School of Law
H. Leon Hewitt has always had a passion to be of service to others. Over his 19 years of legal practice he recognizes that every case is different with its own set of problems but also its own set of solutions. Attorney Hewitt believes that listening is a skill that is key to helping clients achieve their goals. He will always be a fierce advocate in representing your case and believes in positive client outcome. Prior to entering the field of law, he worked for over twenty years as a licensed pharmacist. He has volunteered his time as a Big...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Robert Perez
Cincinnati, OH Lawyer
Free ConsultationEmployment and Insurance Claims
Indiana University Maurer School of Law
Robert Armand Perez, Sr., M.S., J.D., limits his practice to helping individuals with disability, health, life insurance, and pension matters mostly under ERISA. He graduated Indiana University School of Law with his J.D. and the University of Cincinnati with a B.A. and M.S. in Health Administration.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Michael J. Bergmann
Cincinnati, OH Attorney with 42 years of experience
Free ConsultationUniversity of Cincinnati College of Law
Why Choose This Firm?
For this law firm, going the extra mile for a client is a given. But here are SEVEN other ways that this firm stands out:
1. Mr. Bergmann brings more than thirty years of knowledge and experience to his handling of each client's legal matter.
2. Mr. Bergmann provides outstanding legal service for a reasonable fee.
3. The firm's staff are welcoming and helpful, from the scheduling of a client’s appointment through the conclusion of the matter.
4. Mr. Bergmann works with each client directly throughout the handling of the client’s legal matter. A client is never handed off...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
John Mark Williams
Cincinnati, OH Attorney with 30 years of experience
Free ConsultationInsurance Defense
Salmon P. Chase College of Law, Northern Kentucky University
I am John M. Williams, a VA accredited attorney based in Cincinnati, Ohio. I hold a license to practice law in Ohio and have the privilege of representing clients before the Board of Veterans' Appeals, the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veteran Claims, and the U.S. Court of Federal Claims. My law firm is dedicated to assisting veterans across numerous states as they seek to obtain the disability benefits they rightfully deserve.
At my firm, we concentrate our efforts on managing appeals through higher-level reviews, supplemental claims, and appeals to the Board of Veterans' Appeals. I am deeply familiar with the...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Joseph Jaap
Cincinnati, OH Lawyer with 35 years of experience
Free ConsultationReal Estate and Trademarks
University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Practicing law for over 29 years, Joseph Jaap assists clients with a wide range of legal issues, whether personal, family law, real estate, estate planning, or business, to develop and implement legal strategies that achieve client goals and that avoid or resolve disputes.
Joe advises clients about their family legal matters, including wills, trusts, powers of attorney, probate, estate planning, divorce, child custody and support, guardianship, and other family issues.
His real estate practice includes both commercial and residential real estate, representing and counseling clients regarding purchases, sales, leasing, condominium development and conversions, condominium management and homeowner associations, construction contracting and construction...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Ryan Shafer
Columbus, OH Lawyer with 18 years of experience
Free ConsultationWhite Collar Crime
Duquesne University School of Law
Ryan Shafer is a skilled and experienced criminal defense attorney who defends the rights of those facing criminal charges in Central Ohio. Shafer is an attorney at Joslyn Law Firm in Dayton, Ohio. There he handles a variety of cases, including DUI, drug crimes, violent crimes and white collar offenses. Shafer studied business and minored in political science at the University of Cincinnati, where he graduated Cum Laude in 2002. He earned his Juris Doctor at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh in 2006 and became licensed to practice law in Ohio the following year. Shafer began his...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Richard Irving Fleischer
Cincinnati, OH Lawyer with 54 years of experience
Free ConsultationImmigration
University of Kentucky College of Law
Since 1973. All areas of US immigration law. Particularly like national interst waivers/outstanding researchers/extraordinary ability and labor certifications cases. Help with family cases (marriage/fiance, other family relations) and asylum matters.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Christopher L. Jackson
Cincinnati, OH Lawyer with 21 years of experience
Free ConsultationInsurance Claims and White Collar Crime
Capital University and Kentucky Wesleyan College
Helping those injured or arrested since 2003 in Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky.
Claimed Lawyer Profile
John L O'Shea
Cincinnati, OH Attorney with 35 years of experience
(513) 300-4012
Cohen, Todd, Kite & Stanford
250 East 5th Street, Suite 2350
Cincinnati, OH 45202-5136
Free ConsultationBusiness and White Collar Crime
University of Cincinnati College of Law
John is available day or night on 513-300-4012 to protect his clients. Call any time if you need help immediately. He always answers the call.
John practices in all areas of litigation with particular emphasis on criminal defense and white collar criminal defense, DUI/OVI (“drunk driving”) defense and civil litigation involving, business law, serious personal injury and wrongful death claims in State and Federal Court.
John was voted the 2023 Cincinnati Criminal Defense “Lawyer of the Year” by The Best Lawyers in America. He is The Best Lawyers in America 2018 Cincinnati Criminal Defense: White Collar “Lawyer of the Year” and The...
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Paul Gregory Croushore
Cincinnati, OH Attorney with 33 years of experience
Administrative, Appeals, Business and Employment
Capital University and Ohio University
In 24 years of appellate practice, I have succeeded in securing reversal of the trial court's decision in 45.0% of all direct appeal cases, compared to the national federal appellate court average of 7.3% for all cases in 2014.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Adam Lee Nemann
Columbus, OH Lawyer with 22 years of experience
Free ConsultationAppeals and White Collar Crime
Capital University Law School
Adam Lee Nemann grew up in Allentown, Pennsylvania, and moved to Ohio to pursue his education. After graduating from the University of Cincinnati, with an enthusiasm for law and public speaking, he attended Capital University Law School. It was during law school that Nemann thrust himself into the world of trial advocacy. By day, he worked in a prominent criminal defense firm preparing to defend the accused, by night, he attended law school and volunteered for mock trial and trial advocacy clinics. Nemann obtained a limited license to practice law while an intern, representing his own...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Lee Thompson
Lancaster, OH Lawyer with 41 years of experience
Workers' Comp
University of Akron
Since 1983 I have been assisting people with legal matters both in and out of court. Whether it is a social security or workers’ compensation claim, a question regarding adoption, a divorce or dissolution, land contract, Will, personal injury claim, or other matters, I can help. Whether you are seeking an attorney for a one-time case or to assist you in other areas, sometimes over a period of years, you will be sharing information with me about your life. The information you give me is confidential and is vital to me in order to give you proper legal advice. Therefore,...